Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
A means of digital communications that is capable of very high speeds. ATM is used for both LAN and WAN applications, transmission of images, voice or video and data. It does not involve routing, so it facilitates bandwidth management.

Frame Relay
Intended for cost effective data communication applications between local area networks (LAN) and the end points of wide area networks (WAN). Frame relay provides you with a dedicated connection, while eliminating leased-line costs. It is provided on a fractional T-1 or a T-1, and enterprises have the advantage of being able to select their service quality.

Private Line
A direct channel specifically dedicated to a customer's use between specific points. This is a non-switched circuit.

MPLS
A technology that can be used with (or can replace) a variety of services such as ATM, frame relay and wide-area Ethernet. While carriers typically realize most of the advantages of MPLS, end users benefit from reduced costs and enhanced the quality of service. It is ideal for next generation IP applications, including VoIP and video, and next generation computing such as peer-to-peer and grid computing.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)
The use of encryption in the lower protocol layers to provide a secure connection through an otherwise insecure network, typically the Internet. VPNs are generally cheaper than real private networks using private lines, but rely on having the same encryption system at both ends. The encryption may be performed by firewall software or possibly by routers.

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